The principal objective of engineering seismology is to provide quantitative estimates of expected levels of seismic groundmotion as the basic input to earthquake. A ground motion involving largescale permanent deformation of the ground. Secondly, groundmotion prediction equations are derived from this rockmotion database for the 5 % damped acceleration response spectra saf, peak ground. The stochastic finitefault modeling based on a dynamic.
The stochastic method is used for the prediction of strong ground motion. The effects of the propagation path on the strong ground motion is a research area receiving sub stantial attenuation both from earthquake engineers and seismologists. This gives access to a database of strong ground motion data parameters, and links to the data centres and web sites of the contributing agencies. Strong ground motion prediction using virtual earthquakes. The usgs national strong motion project formerly titled the national strong motion program has the primary federal responsibility for acquiring strong motion records of significant earthquakes in the united states recorded by sensors placed in the ground and in manmade structures. Strong motion data from western north america for earthquakes of magnitude greater than 5 are examined to provide the basis for estimating peak acceleration, velocity, displacement, and duration as a function of distance for three magnitude classes. Since many actual properties of the nearfield strong earthquake ground motion are unknown, the assumed functional forms for the spectra used in the synthesis. Nonstationary stochastic simulation of strong groundmotion. Characteristics of ground motions are analysed to describe the destructiveness of earthquake ground motions, with particular emphasis on peak ground acceleration, duration. It provides earthquake information and strong motion parameters including pga and pgv within minutes of any event. The associated uncertainties are derived by considering the uncertainties in.
Gerald brady, catherine carpenter, and nicholas brown, 1992, have names that are intended to help the user determine the contents of the files. Prediction of strong ground motion using the hybrid empirical method in eastern north america 10 to propose a pointsource stochastic method, later generalized and extended by boore 1983, that could be used to estimate ground motion from such simple seismological models. In seismology the strong motion data provide the high frequency information to determine the rupture process and the complexity of the source mechanism. Peer reports pacific earthquake engineering research center. Fullcolor reports are available free of charge as a pdf. However, they exhibit slow shaking over a long time in response to longperiod ground motion. This paper presents and discusses the use of neural networks to determine strong ground motion duration. The necessity of including the oceanic water layer in the velocity model for. To save the data to your computer, select all of the data, copy, and then paste into a notepad file. In the late 1990s peer recognized the need to improve access to earthquake ground motion data and thus embarked on an effort to create a webbased searchable database of strong ground motion data. The deterministic seismic hazard map is shown as the distribution of the ground motion level predicted for a specific earthquake fault. Over 300 accelerograms, recorded during the strong vrancea seismic events mentioned above and recently redigitized, are used in the study.
In seismology, strong ground motion is the strong earthquake shaking that occurs close to less than about 50 km from a causative fault. Pdf neural estimation of strong ground motion duration. Simulation of nearfield strong ground motions using hybrid. Preliminary analysis for characteristics of strong ground motion. Landslide overview map of the conterminous united states.
Directivity effects are the nearfault effects characterized by a pronounced twosided velocity pulse that may cause significant damages to. The data used were strong motion data recorded at amgi, bace, cljo, kbjn and juii stations. We studied the effect of the oceanic water layer on strong ground motion simulations. Sma strong motion analyst processing software the sma software package is a windowsbased tool designed to interactively process strong motion accelerograms, featuring instrument correction, data editing, filtering, ground motion integrations, fourier and response spectra calculations, and. Rotational components of strong ground motions wikipedia. Openseismomatlab is an innovative opensource software for strong ground motion data processing, written in matlab. In this file, there are 7,990 data points, written at a time increment of 0. The data obtained from active source studies are archived at iris andor at the national geophysical data center. In seismology, strong ground motion is the strong earthquake shaking that occurs close to a causative fault.
Worldwide strong motion data resources are centralised at the cosmos virtual data center. The peer ground motion database beta version is an interactive web based application that allows the user to select sets of strong ground motion acceleration time series that are representative of design ground motions. Jan 24, 2014 earthquake simulations in this region, which lies in a sedimentary basin capable of amplifying shaking, predict strong ground motion but they lack validation with observational data. We have determined that the acceleration data being acquired even by these newer digital strong motion instruments are in some cases subject to small baseline instabilities, often appearing as steplike or transient offsets. Next generation attenuation relationships for western us nga. Prediction of strong ground motion using the hybrid empirical. The duration of strong ground motion can have a strong influence on earthquake damage. Chapter 3 simulation of nearfield strong ground motions using hybrid method babak ebrahimian additional information is available at the end of the chapter. Nonlinearity and temporal changes of fault zone site response associated with strong ground motion chunquan wu, 1zhigang peng and yehuda benzion2 1school of earth and atmospheric sciences, georgia institute of technology, atlanta, ga, 30332, usa. Earthquakes induce three translational two horizontal and one vertical and three rotational two rocking and one torsional motions on the ground surface. The peer reports series comprises stateoftheart research in earthquake engineering and related fields by the more than 150 expert members of the peer universities consortium. Seismic source characterization, strong ground motion recordings of.
Nonlinearity and temporal changes of fault zone site. Notes on the processing of digitally recorded data. On the other hand, a motion with moderate amplitude but long duration can produce enough duration. Source faults of subduction zone earthquakes, such as the nankaitonankai earthquake, west japan, are situated in the offshore area, under a thick water layer. The first step was to collect the most important ground motion records worldwide. Ngasubduction regional ground motion models for interface and intraslab events grace parker, jonathan stewart, behzad hassani, gail atkinson and david boore.
Rotational components of strong ground motions refer to changes of the natural slope of the ground surface due to the propagation of seismic waves. Advanced methods of predicting strong ground motions from. To use the data in analysis software, you may need to copy the four. Pdf only engineering models that directly predict groundmotion amplitude or that predict the modulation of this amplitude from such effects. Shojataheri, naserieh, hadi a test of the applicability of nga models to the strong groundmotion data in the iranian plateau pdf file 2. The procedures of fault modeling for the prediction of strong ground motion are. Temporal changes in site response associated with the strong. The ground motion characteristics such as attenuation, spectral shape and duration are analyzed using the observed records of the earthquake. Sedimentary basins increase the damaging effects of earthquakes by trapping and amplifying seismic waves. Model of strong ground motions from earthquakes in central. Study on the effect of the oceanic water layer on strong. Four sets of attenuation equations are developed i. Short note temporal changes in site response associated with the strong ground motion of the 2004 m w 6.
Strong motion is currently recording in a mixture of triggered and continuous modes. Strong ground motion durations of directivity motions. The current emphasis of the series is on performancebased engineering of lifelines and building structures. Estimation of local site effects on strong ground motion. A motion of short duration may not produce enough load reversals for damaging response to build up in a structure, even if the amplitude of the motion is high. Peer strong ground motion databases pacific earthquake. Investigation of the frequency content of ground motions. The objective of this study to develop an empirical strong motion duration relationship for is directivity pulselike motions.
The spectral content and duration of some 140 strong motion accelerograms are studied with an aim of quantifying the uncertainty of ground motion representation. Smc format files on the usgs digital data series dds7 cdrom, digitized strongmotion accelerograms of north and central american earthquakes 19331986, by linda c. The nsmp is currently engaged in a program to upgrade from analog to digital instruments. Pdf characteristics of strong ground motion records from. The loma prieta earthquake professional papers the loma prieta earthquake professional papers comprehensively document the magnitude 6. The obtained results in this study may contribute to strong ground motion prediction in high frequency range. Statistical characterization of strong ground motions using. Ground motions are characterized by the parameters of the kanaitajimi spectral density function and by the strong motion duration. The database has one of the most comprehensive sets of metadata, including different distance measures. Jul 17, 2006 strong ground motion and ground failure coordinated by thomas l.
Simulations of seismic wave propagation in sedimentary basins capture this effect. Department of civil and environmental engineering stanford university rms acceleration and duration of strong ground motion by martin w. The software implements an elastoplastic bilinear kinematic hardening constitutive model and uses a stateoftheart single step single solve time integration algorithm featuring exceptional speed, robustness and accuracy. The user specifies the design ground motions in terms. The strength of the shaking involved in strong ground motion usually overwhelms a seismometer, forcing the use of accelerographs or strong ground motion accelerometers for recording. This paper presents a set of attenuation equations for spec tral acceleration sa and peak ground acceleration pga in central and eastern north america. The webbased pacific earthquake engineering research center peer ground motion database provides tools for searching, selecting and downloading ground motion data. Photographs showing ground failure and earthquake damage. If motion is strong, poorly fixed office appliances may move significantly, and people may have to hold onto stable objects to maintain their position. The properties of strong ground motion accelerograms will thus reflect the direction of slip, the size of the slip area, the strata through which the waves pass, and the details of nonuniformity of the stress that is released. This occurred at anchorage in alaska earthquake of 1964 newmark and rosenblueth 1971 classified earthquake ground motions into four type. All downloaded records are unscaled and asrecorded unrotated. Simulation of nearfield strong ground motions using. The rapid raw strong motion rrsm is an entirely automated system that uses open data from eida.
Sloshing of oil tanks occurs in response to longperiod ground motion. Accelerometric data recorded in the mexican cities of. Chile strong ground motion flatfile nicolas bastias, a, and gonzalo a. Various analytical estimators of the frequency content, such as those based on fourier spectra, power spectral density, response spectra and peak ground motion values are evaluated and compared. Simultaneous determination of source, path and recording site effects on strong ground motion during the loma prieta earthquake a preliminary result on pervasive nonlinear site effect. Ground motion time history northsouth ground acceleration recorded at catech during ml6. Groundmotion attenuation equations for rock sites in central and eastern north america are derived, based on the predictions of a stochastic groundmotion model. The pacific earthquake engineering research center peer ground motion database includes a very large set of ground motions recorded worldwide of shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regimes. Pdf engineering models of strong ground motion researchgate. Pdf most instruments used in seismological practice to record ground motion are pendulum seismographs, velocigraphs, or accelerographs.
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